OF the many proofs of the existence of God, perhaps the one that makes the most direct appeal to our intuition and common sense is the Argument from Design. Writing in 1840, Macaulay observed:

A philosopher of the present day ... has before him the same evidences of design in the structure of the universe which the early Greeks had .... for the discoveries of modern astronomers and anatomists have really added nothing to the force of that argument which a reflective mind finds in every beast, bird, insect, fish, leaf, flower, and shell.